Research

Division of Helium Turbine Technology(106)

1. Research field (discipline construction)

We focus on theoretical analysis, experimental research and engineering design on the key equipment, energy conversion system and process heat utilization of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs).

(1) Helium turbine cycle in HTGRs: theoretical research on closed Brayton cycle; research and design of helium turbine power system; research and design of gas turbine cycle for space reactor and gas-cooled micro-reactor.

(2) Development of helium circulator in HTGRs: research on aerodynamics performance of helium circulator; design and development of helium circulator.

(3) Process heat utilization of HTGRs: research on the characteristics of combined cycle power generation systems; research on coupling characteristics of hydrogen-electricity-heat polygeneration system.

(4) Research on the behavior of graphite dust: multi-scale mechanism and characteristics research on particle generation, deposition, diffusion, agglomeration, collision, and accidental release.

(5) Experimental research on large-scale helium test platform: helium circulator test platform; intermediate heat exchanger test platform.

2. Scientific research projects

Currently, we are undertaking a number of research projects including the National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, as well as research projects for domestic enterprises.

(1) Sub task of nuclear energy development project on megawatt-class land-based mobile micro reactor funded by CAEA;

(2) Enterprises consultation projects on the design and manufacturing of helium circulators;

(3) Beijing Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars “Research of the Mechanisms of Particle Transport and Interaction with Gas Turbine Cooling for Advanced NuclearReactor”;

(4) National S&T Major Project "R&D and key technology verification of high-temperature reactor intermediate heat exchanger" (deputy team leader, sub-topics 2 and 7);

(5) National Key Research and Development Program “Research on Coupling Characteristics of very-High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors and Process Heat Utilization Systems”;

(6) National Natural Science Foundation of China “Study of aerosol evolution in passive-cooling containment under severe accidents”;

(7) National Natural Science Foundation of China “Study on the cross-scale mechanism of graphite dust resuspension in high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble bed structure”;

3. Laboratory and equipment

We have the principletest bench and engineering test platform for thetostudycharacteristicsofofhelium dynamic characteristics andflowandheat transfer characteristicsin turbomachines and heat exchangers, etc.

(1) Compact heat exchanger flow and heat transfer characteristics test platform

Test parameters: gas with temperature 200-300°C, normal pressure. It can handle flow resistance characteristics and enhanced heat transfer mechanism of heat exchange tubes of intermediate heat exchanger in HTGRs. It can also be undertaken for experimental research on other compact heat exchangers.

(2) Engineering Test Facility - Helium Circulator

Working fluid: Helium

Rated parameters:iInlet temperature/ pressure243°C,Inletpressure/7.0MPa and flow rate 96kg/s.

It can undertake experimental research on aerodynamics performance of the main helium circulator of HTGRs and engineering experimental research on equipment reliability. Research on other large-scale helium-powered equipments could also be held.

(3) Intermediate heat exchanger heat transfer characteristics test platform

Test parameters: helium which the maximum temperature can be greater than 900°C, the pressure is 3.0MPa, and the flow rate is 0.6kg/s. It can undertake research on flow heat transfer characteristics and engineering test research on equipment reliability of very-high-temperature and high-power intermediate heat exchangers of HTGRs. It can also undertake experimental research on heat exchange equipment for other very-high-temperature and high-power helium working fluids. .

Compact heat exchanger heat transfer characteristics test platform

Heat exchanger flow distribution test platform

Engineering Test Facility - Helium Circulator

Intermediate heat exchanger heat transfer characteristics test platform

4. Academic achievements (articles, awards)

Main awards

2022 National High-Level Talents (Youth)

2022 Chinese Particle Society Youth Particle Science Award

2022 Tsinghua University Shuimu Scholar

2021 Beijing Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars

2020 Second Prize of Natural Science Award of Chinese Particle Society

2018 First Prize of the Ministry of Education’s Technology Invention Award

2014 Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in Chinese Universities

Academic papers

Our division publishes about 30 academic papers every year, and some representative papers are as follows:

1.Geng Xuyao,Wang Jie*. Simplified Reactor Model for Microreactor Coupled with Helium Closed Brayton Cycle. Nuclear Technology, 2024, Mar 7:1-17.

2.Ma Wenkui,Ye Ping,Gao Yue,Hao Yadong,Yang Xiaoyong*.Optimization of thermodynamic performance and mass evaluation forMW-class space nuclear reactor coupled with noble gas binary mixturesBrayton cycle. Energy, 2024, 293.

3.Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Qi Sun*, Lei Shi. Numerical simulation of the transient graphite oxidation process based on a dynamic mesh method. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 2023, 159: 104669.

4.Ma Wenkui,Ye Ping,Gao Yue,Yang Xiaoyong*.Study on the load loss characteristics of a space nuclear power system with multi brayton loops. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2023, 185.

5.Qi Sun, Shuisheng He, Bo Liu, Lei Shi, Wei Peng*. Study of particle dynamic resuspension in a recirculation flow using large-eddy simulations. Powder Technology,2023, 428: 118832.

6.Qunxiang Gao, Peng Zhang, Qi Sun, Ping Zhang, Songzhe Chen, Wei Peng*. Experimental and numerical investigation of sulfuric acid decomposition for hydrogen production via iodine-sulfur cycle. Energy Conversion and Management, 2023, 289: 117167.

7.Wang Xin, Zhao Gang, Qu Xinhe*, Yang Xiaoyong, Wang Jie, Wang Peng. Influence of Cooling Water Parameters on the Thermal Performance of the Secondary Circuit System of a Modular High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Nuclear Power Plant. Energies, 2023, 16 (18), 6560.

8.Hang Ni, Xinhe Qu, Wei Peng*, Gang Zhao, Ping Zhang. Study of two innovative hydrogen and electricity co-production systems based on very-high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. Energy, 2023, 273: 127206.

9.Qingxiang Hu, Xinhe Qu, Wei Peng*, Jie Wang. Experimental and numerical investigation of turbulent heat transfer enhancement of an intermediate heat exchanger using corrugated tubes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2022, 185: 122385.

10.Ma Wenkui,Ye Ping,Gao Yue,Yang Xiaoyong*.Comparative study on sequential and simultaneous startup performance of space nuclear power system with multi braytonBraytonloops. ACTA ASTRONAUTICA, 2022, 199: 142-152.

11.Chuping Yang, Yinan Geng*, Jie Wang. Influence of nitrogen impurities on the characteristics of helium discharge at high pressure, Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2022,171:109024.

12.Chuping Yang, Yinan Geng*, Jie Wang. Reaction chain used to describe the process and mechanism of helium breakdown under high pressure, Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2022,168:108811.

13.Hu Qingxiang, Wang Jie, Gao Yue, Peng Wei*. Numerical study of thermal-hydraulic and dust-deposition of tube bundles in an intermediate heat exchanger. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022, 47(63): 27187-27198.

14.Yang CP, Geng YN*, Wang J, Liu XN, Shi ZG. Breakdown voltage of high pressure helium parallel plates and effect of field emission. ACTA PHYSICA SINICA, 2021,Vol.70,No.13:135102.

15.Xinhe Qu, Gang Zhao*, Jie Wang. Thermodynamic evaluation of hydrogen and electricity cogeneration coupled with very high temperature gas-cooled reactors. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, 46(57), 2021: 29065-29075.

16.Qi Sun, Wei Peng*, Xiao Hai. Mathematical model and atomic force microscopy measurements of adhesion between graphite particles and rough walls. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 562: 149976.

17.Wang Jie, Wang Hong, Zhao Gang, Yang Xiaoyong, Ye Ping, Qu Xinhe.Research progress on helium turbine compressor and helium circulator for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.Journal of Tsinghua University (Natural Science Edition), 2021,61(4): 350-360.

18.Yang Xiaoyong,Qu Xinhe,Wang Jie.Combined cycle-coupled high-temperature and very high-temperature gas-cooled reactors: part i-cycle optimization. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2019, 134: 193-204

19.Qu X, Yang X, Wang J*. Off-design performance and power-control strategy for combined cycle coupled with high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2019, 130: 338-346.

20.Li Zhi,Yang Xiaoyong,Wang Jie,Zhang Zuoyi.Off-design performance and control characteristics of space reactor closedBrayton cycle system. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2019, 128: 318-329.

21.Ming Liang,Yang Xiaoyong,Zhang Youjie,Wang Jie.Experimental study on performance of helium low pressure compressor ofHTR-10GT.PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY, 2019, 111: 156-164.

22.Xiaokai Sun, Gang Zhao, Peixue Jiang, Wei Peng*, Jie Wang. Influence of hole geometry on film cooling effectiveness for a constant exit flow area. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 130: 1404-1415.

23.Gang Zhao,Ping Ye,Hong Wang,Liang Zhu,Qinzhao Zhang,Jie Wang,Zuoyi Zhang.Endurance test of full-scale mock-up helium circulator for HTR-PM, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2018, 329: 20-24.

24.Ye Ping*, Zhao Gang, Wang Jie. Experimental study progress on mock-up helium circulator with dry gas seal. Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2018 and Embedded Topical Meeting Nuclear Fuels and Structural Materials, 2018,118: 721-722 .

25.Qinzhao Zhang*, Jinsong Zhang. Study on the Shaft Seal of Circulator in HTR-PM, Proceedings of HTR 2018, Paper HTR 2018-140, 2018, Warsaw, Poland.

26.Zhao Gang*, Ye Ping, Yang Xiaoyong, Wang Jie. Parametric investigation of supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle for high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR). POWER2018-7276.

27.Ye Ping*, Zhao Gang, Wang Jie, Peng Wei. Study of ETF-HC for helium circulator with dry gas seal for HTR-PM. ICAPP 2017, April 24-April 28, 2017, Fukui and Kyoto, Japan.

28.Zhao Xi, Yuan Kun*, Zhou Yu. Optimization of design method for high temperature tensile strength of GH3128. Journal of Tsinghua University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 55(9):998-1002.

29.Chen Zhixian, Zhang Qinzhao, Wang Hong, Liu Bing. Research on optimization design of helium circulator blade diffuser inlet installation angle. Nuclear Power Engineering, 2015, 36(6): 133-137.

30.Chen Zhixian, Zhang Qinzhao, Wang Hong, Liu Bing, Chen Feng. Research on the design of helium circulator diffuser for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, the 14th National Academic Conference on Reactor Thermal Fluids and the 2015 Annual Academic Conference of China Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulic Technology Key Laboratory Annual Meeting, 2015, Beijing, China.

Some representative patents are as follows:

serial number

patent name

Patent No

1

Power adjustment method and device for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled closed Braden cycle

201711304236.4

2

Optical electric field sensor packaging device and packaging method for high humidity environment

202110735479.3

3

An high-temperature nozzle structure integrating temperature and pressure for parameter measurement

202110208503.8

4

An experimental device for studying the resuspension rules of dust particles

202110171188.6

5

A high-temperature and high-voltage electrical penetration component with adjustable parameter insulating medium

202110035104.6

6

A packaging tube that can improve the output noise of optical electric field sensors

202110039311.9

7

A sulfuric acid decomposition tube with unevenly distributed catalyst bed, multiple reflux tubes and threaded outer wall

202110020956.8

8

A testing device for the optimized structure of the inlet flow channel of the intermediate heat exchanger

201910902507.9

9

An online collection device for graphite dust in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors

201811473206.0

10

Baffle structure of the helium circulator of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor with both active and passive characteristics

201510409138.1

11

A centrifugal closed impeller axial force balance structure

201410541815.0

12

Helium cooling flow channel of helium circulator motor cavity in high-temperature gas-cooled reactor

201310462709.9

13

A helium circulator volute structure for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor

201310462623.6

14

Helium circulator inlet connection structure for High-temperature gas-cooled reactor

201310461147.6

15

Helium circulator pressure flange structure for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor

201310461139.1

The main research results

1)Helium turbine cycle in HTGRs:

We performed the theoretical and experimental studies on the closed Brayton cycle and its key components, paving the way for the future development of nuclear gas turbine power systems. We designed power conversion system based on closed Brayton cycle for 10MW high-temperature gas-cooled (HTR-10) and commercial HTGR. We accomplished the design, manufacture and test of helium compressors and helium turbine. We are also developing the gas turbine power generation system for mobile micro-reactor and space reactor.

Figure 1 Helium turbineo-compressor and test platform

2)Development of helium circulator for HTGRs:

With the support of major national science and technology projects, we have developed the world's first high-power electromagnetic bearing helium circulator engineering prototype, making breakthroughs in the helium circulator integration technology, three-dimensional high-efficiency impeller design and manufacturing technology, both active and passive functional circulator baffle technology and many other major key technologies. 12 invention patents has been authorized. This achievement is a major breakthrough in mycountry's independent innovation in advanced nuclear energy core equipment technology. The helium circulator using domestic electromagnetic bearings has completely independent intellectual property rights. The achievement has been applied in high-temperature gas-cooled reactor demonstration projects and subsequent multiple high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. In engineering projects. The helium circulator technology has reached the world's leading level and was rated as one of the "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in China’s Higher Education Institutions" by the Ministry of Education in 2014.

Figure 2 Design and development of helium circulator

3)Comprehensive process heat utilization of HTGRs:

We have carried out research on the characteristics of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor combined cycle power generation system, proposed an optimization design method for the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor industrial heating system, and established a design scheme for anavery-high-temperature gas-cooled reactor thermoelectric hydrogen generation system. It can provide design reference for comprehensive utilization of process heat of HTGRs.

Figure 3 Design scheme of ultravery-high temperature gas-cooled reactor thermoelectric hydrogen generation system

Meanwhile, we carried out an analysis of the coupling characteristics of the very-high temperature gas-cooled reactor and the process heat utilization system. We have obtained the changing rules of the main parameters of the coupling system, studied the impact of key parameters and equipment on the coupling characteristics, designed and formulated the very-high temperature gas-cooled reactor and the process heat utilization coupling system. The results can provide design basis for the process heat utilization of very-high temperature gas-cooled reactor technology.

Figure 4 Concept diagram of heat utilization in ultravery-high temperature gas-cooled reactor

4)Research on the behavior of graphite dust:

Studying the behavior of radioactive graphite dust under accident conditions is of great significance for the nuclear safety analysis of HTGRs. We studied the entire process of graphite dust particle generation, deposition and diffusion, agglomeration and collision, accidental emissions. We proposed an experimental method of "combination of vibration signals and visualization" to establish a dynamic model of collision and wear of spherical fuel elements, and revealed coherent structure and dust transport mechanism under large temperature gradient, developed the "moment-distribution" coupling solution method of particle evolution, established the "rough wall-particle" adhesion model, and developed a single-layer/multi-layer particle resuspension model and methods for assessing accidental releases of radioactive dust. The research results were successfully applied to the nuclear safety review of my country's high-temperature gas-cooled reactor national demonstration project HTR-PM, and won the Youth Particle Science Award and the second prize of the Natural Science Award of the Chinese Particle Society.

Figure 5 Study on the movement behavior of graphite dust in HTGR

5. Team members


Name Contact information
Division of helium turbomanchinery(106) Jie Wang Tel: 62783990Email: wjinet@tsinghua.edu.cn
Xiaoyong Yang Tel: 62771746Email: xy-yang@tsinghua.edu.cn Director
Hong Wang Tel: 62783896hongw@tsinghua.edu.cn Deputy Director
Gang Zhao Tel: 62783709Email: zhaogang88@tsinghua.edu.cn Deputy Director
Wei Peng Tel: 62783709Email: pengwei@tsinghua.edu.cn Deputy Director
Ping Ye Tel: 62794678Email: yeping@tsinghua.edu.cn
Qinzhao Zhang Tel: 62794678Email: zhqz@tsinghua.edu.cn
Yinan Geng Tel: 62771746Email: gengyinan@tsinghua.edu.cn
Xinhe Qu Tel: 62771746Email: qxh2018@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Yamin Wu Tel: 62771746Email: wuyamin@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Yue Gao Email: gaoyuesn@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Yadong Hao Email: hyd@tsinghua.edu.cn
Qi Sun Tel: 62771746Email: sunqi2022@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Wenkui Ma Tel: 62782791Email: mawk@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Yi Yao Tel: 62794678Email: yaoyi2023@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Weixiang Ye Tel: 62782791Email: ywx@tsinghua.edu.cn
Ziwei Liu Tel: 62783709